In astronomy, open clusters are groups of stars that formed from the same giant molecular cloud and are loosely bound by gravity. These clusters typically contain a few dozen to a few thousand stars and are found mostly in the disk of the galaxy. Because all the stars in an open cluster are roughly the same age and distance from Earth, they are valuable for studying stellar evolution. Open clusters often contain young, hot stars and can be seen with binoculars or small telescopes—famous examples include the Pleiades (pictured above) and Hyades in the constellation Taurus. Over time, gravitational interactions with other stars and gas clouds can cause open clusters to disperse into the galaxy.
I took the images below of open star clusters. Click on any of the images below for a better view and additional information.
Messier 45 the Pleiades or "Seven Sisters" from Lake Mineral Wells State Park in Mineral Wells, TX.
I shot Messier 45 (M45) the Pleiades or "Seven Sisters" from Lake Mineral Wells State Park in Mineral Wells, TX. Using a Nikon D5100 working at ISO 800. This image was not guided. Only the mount was used for tracking. It's amazing how much detail was captured with less than a hour of data using a f/5 APO refractor and DSLR.
This reflection nebula lit by the young stars making up the cluster in the Constellation Taurus is about 440 light-years distant. It's been known since ancient times and is even mentioned in the Bible three times. It's also the trademark of the Japanese auto maker Subaru. In fact, Subaru is the Japanese name for the Pleiades star cluster.
Acquisition Details:
Date: Dec. 14, 2019
Scope: Meade Series 6000 70mm Quad APO Refractor
Camera: Nikon D5100 (ISO 800)
Mount: Celestron Advanced VX
Filter: None
Integration: 50 x 60s (50 min.)
Software: Astro Photography Tool, Deep Sky Stacker, Adobe Photoshop 2020, PhotoKemi Star Tools
20 Darks
The Double Cluster in Perseus & Comet PANSTARRS C/2017 T2.
Double Cluster in Perseus (open clusters NGC 869 and NGC 884) & Comet PANSTARRS C/2017 T2. 10 minute exposure (10x60), ISO 400 with Nikon D5100 taken on February 1, 2020. The comet is the fuzzy star off to the right in this image.
Open clusters M35 and NGC 2158 in Gemini
Open clusters M35 and NGC 2158 in Gemini taken on January 4, 2020 using Meade 70mm Quad APO and Nikon D5100. 55 x 90 second exposures at ISO400.
Venus in Taurus with the open clusters The Hyades (left) and The Pleiades (M45) just to the right of the planet Venus in April 2023.
Venus was nicely placed in Taurus after sunset on April 11, 2023. I took this shot of the Hyades open cluster directly above the tree on the left, a satellite passing above bright Venus and the Pleiades (M45) or the Seven Sisters just to Venus' right. This was taken with a Nikon D5100 ISO 1600 at 55mm, f/5.6 and a 4 second exposure.
Three deep space objects all in the same field of view. This image features the Open Star Cluster M52 (Messier 52), the Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) both in Cassiopeia, and the lesser-known but equally stunning Northern Lagoon Nebula Sh2-157 (Sharpless 157) which lies in Cepheus.
3 deep sky objects, two constellations and one frame. The Bubble Nebula, M52 and The Northern Lagoon Nebula.
Three deep space objects all in the same field of view. This image features the Open Star Cluster M52 (Messier 52), the Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) both in Cassiopeia, and the lesser-known but equally stunning Northern Lagoon Nebula Sh2-157 (Sharpless 157) which lies in Cepheus.
M52 is a bright, compact open star cluster about 5,000 light-years away. It's made up of a few hundred young stars and is estimated to be around 35 million years old—a true cosmic nursery still glowing with youthful energy.
Just next door is the Bubble Nebula, a remarkable emission nebula sculpted by the fierce stellar winds from a massive O-type star at its center. That bubble-like shell is actually 7 light-years wide—about 1.5 times the distance between our Sun and the closest star! It looks delicate, but it’s formed by powerful forces.
And off to the right side lies the Northern Lagoon Nebula, cataloged as Sharpless 2-157. This elegant structure of glowing gas and dark dust is part of a larger star-forming region, stretching about 70 light-years across. It's often overlooked but absolutely worth the attention.
Acquisition Details: 70mm Meade Quad APO Astrograph, AVX mount, QHY183C CMOS camera, Optolong L-eXtreme dual band narrowband filter, (120x120s) 4 hours of data taken on August 7, 2025. Processed using DSS, SAS, Ps.
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